Hallucination

Learn in five minutes

• A hallucination here means a confident claim the sources do not support.
• The model is not lying in a human sense. It is continuing text.
• Citations you did not retrieve can be invented too.
• Ask the system to refuse when the notes are silent.
• NIST's AI RMF is a vocabulary for risk, not a product certificate.

If the notes do not mention a price, the right output is a refusal, not a guessed price. This lab does not publish prices.

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Visual

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Refuse a missing price

1. Give a note that has no price.
2. Ask for the price.
3. Accept only 'not in the note' or an equivalent refusal.
4. Reject a fluent number.

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Quiz

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Ecosystem

Refusal

Stopping instead of filling a gap with a guess.

Sisters: Tokenizers, Transformers, Decoding, Model cards.

The same next-token idea sits under chat, voice, and tool calls.

Pin a model id when you leave the toy explanations.

Config

• Write the goal in one sentence.
• Name the input and the allowed output.
• Save the trace next to the result.

Troubleshooting

• The answer looks fluent and is wrong. Check whether a source passage actually contains the claim.
• The loop never stops. Set a step cap and stop when the tool result repeats.

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