Prompting and evals · L2 · 20 min
Schemas
Learn in five minutes
- A schema names the fields you will accept.
- Extra fields are a choice: reject them or ignore them, and write which.
- A schema does not make the values true.
- JSON is the usual carrier. RFC 8259 is the citation for the text format.
- Validate before you act on a tool argument.
A tool that receives {"city": "Paris"} when it required a number should refuse. The fluent explanation is not the action.
Visual
Reject a bad argument
- Require a field count that is an integer.
- Pass the string 'many'.
- The checker fails. No action runs.
- Pass 3. The checker allows the action.
Quiz
Ecosystem
- Schema
- The declared shape of an output or a tool argument.
Sisters: JSON schema, Rubrics, Regression tests.
The same job-shape-test card works for chat, voice, and a tool result.
The capstone reuses this card.
Config
- Write the goal in one sentence.
- Name the input and the allowed output.
- Save the trace next to the result.
Troubleshooting
- The answer looks fluent and is wrong. Check whether a source passage actually contains the claim.
- The loop never stops. Set a step cap and stop when the tool result repeats.
Sources and go deeper
- RFC 8259, The JSON Data Interchange Format spec last checked 2026-10
- OWASP Top 10 for Large Language Model Applications community last checked 2026-10
- JSON — Wikipedia wikipedia last checked 2026-10