11 · TLS, certificates, SIP

SIP OPTIONS

OPTIONS are how Teams decides the trunk is willing. A dial plan cannot heal a trunk that does not answer.

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Learn it in 5 minutes

Teams sends SIP OPTIONS to the SBC. The SBC should answer while it is in service. The admin center shows SBC status from that health. This campus does not pretend to know Microsoft’s private failure counter. Repeated misses are a reason to pull the trunk from the route and look at the log.

Answer on the signaling interface, not the management port. Rehearse a failure. A second gateway that has never seen an INVITE is untested.

SIP OPTIONS tell you the SBC is alive. Pull a trunk that keeps missing them, and do not invent a magic counter.

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Visual

Dynamics unified routingWorkstreamClassificationFrench billingcap 1English billingcap 0Overflowcap 2
Language, intent, and capacity for SIP OPTIONS. Overflow is a rule.
Health versus routingOPTIONS · HealthINVITE · Only if healthy
OPTIONS first, invites second. Counts in this drawing are teaching order, not customers.

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Worked example

I treat missed OPTIONS as a trunk problem and I look at the admin-center status beside the SBC log.

  1. OPTIONS From Teams
  2. 200 From the SBC
  3. Status Admin center
  4. Failover Next gateway

If it fails: A script fails over on a single lost packet and flaps the trunk all day.

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Quiz

A colleague reports: The chain is trusted and the EKU is still wrong. Where do you start?

Which description of DTMF relay is accurate?

A colleague reports: The queue escape works in the lab and fails through the carrier. Where do you start?

Flashcards

Ecosystem

Glossary

  • SRTP The media encryption Direct Routing uses. Signaling is TLS. A successful INVITE with plaintext RTP is not the design. Config: Allow the UDP media range. Do not strip SRTP on the SBC. Fault: The SBC offers RTP/AVP only and the call fails or is unsupported.
  • TLS 1.2 Direct Routing signaling expects modern TLS. TLS 1.0 is not a compatible offer. Config: Upgrade firmware and offer TLS 1.2 or newer toward the proxies. Fault: The handshake dies before OPTIONS.
  • Certificate SAN The name on the SBC certificate must match the FQDN you paired. Wildcards are allowed when they follow RFC 2818. Config: Issue the certificate for the paired name. Include the chain. Fault: TLS fails with a name mismatch and someone restarts the SBC.
  • Microsoft trusted root The SBC certificate must come from a CA in Microsoft’s trusted root program. A private lab CA is not enough for production pairing. Config: Use a public CA for the production FQDN. Fault: The trunk works in the lab and fails the morning you point it at sip.pstnhub.

Sister technologies

Around the call: compliance recording, workforce management, emergency location, analytics, CRM screen pop, and an agent with a human escape. Each one has its own failure.

Config and troubleshooting

A script fails over on a single lost packet and flaps the trunk all day.

Cross-platform bridges

CUCM

Cisco CUBE is one of the SBC families named in this lab’s certification lesson. A certified release can be the Direct Routing SBC between Unified CM and Teams.

The tenant still needs a verified domain on the SBC FQDN, and the user still needs Teams Phone. The studio translator does not open a live AXL session. Confirm the current certified release before you build.

Webex

Teams Phone and Webex Calling are separate clouds. This lab does not describe a feature that registers a Webex Calling user into a Teams tenant.

A number move is usually a carrier port, a certified SBC, or a meetings interop product. Confirm before relying.

UCCE

Unified CCE stays the ACD until you migrate it. Microsoft’s contact-center articles name Connect, Extend, and Unify. They do not name a UCCE connector in the notes this lab cites.

Voice into Teams is still Direct Routing or Operator Connect. The routing script stays on the contact-center product you bought. Confirm the vendor’s current model. Source: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoftteams/teams-contact-center.

Future hooks

Copilot Studio, Azure Communication Services, and Graph are later tracks in this lab. Treat any uncited limit as confirm before relying.

BridgesEcosystem

Sources and go deeper

Opened 2026-10. A row marked confirm did not open. Wikipedia is background. The Teams blog row is the community index.

  • Plan Direct Routing — Microsoft Learn — last checked 2026-10.
  • RFC 3261 — RFC — last checked 2026-10.
  • RFC 8446 — RFC — last checked 2026-10.
  • RFC 4566 — RFC — last checked 2026-10.
  • Transport Layer Security — Wikipedia — last checked 2026-10. Wikipedia fallback for background. Confirm the vendor page before you change a tenant
  • Session Initiation Protocol — Wikipedia — last checked 2026-10. Wikipedia fallback for background. Confirm the vendor page before you change a tenant
  • Microsoft Teams blog index — Community — last checked 2026-10. Community index for the Microsoft Teams blog. This is the index, not a claim that a post discusses this room

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